Surah
Juz
Though lacking concrete evidence from authentic traditions, an analysis of the subject matter suggests that this Surah might have been revealed consecutively after Surah 41: Fussilat (Presented In Detail). It seems to function as a complementary piece to its predecessor, clarifying this connection when one meticulously studies Surah 41 and then proceeds to delve into this Surah. In Surah 41, the leaders of the Quraysh are reproached for their obstinate opposition, creating a vivid picture for the inhabitants of Makkah and its surroundings. This portrayal aims to enlighten those with remnants of morality and nobility, revealing the unreasonable resistance of the influential figures against Muhammad ﷺ. In stark contrast, the Prophet's ﷺ stance emerges as rational, his words sincere, and his character and conduct noble. Following this warning, Surah 42, encompassing comprehensive teachings and instructions, is revealed. It eloquently manifests the truth of the Prophet's ﷺ message, leaving an indelible impression. It appeals to anyone with an inherent love for truth, still untouched by the veils of ignorance, compelling them to acknowledge the undeniable authenticity of the message.
The discourse begins by questioning the people's surprise at the Prophet's ﷺ message. It emphasises that what he conveys is not new or unfamiliar; similar revelations have been sent to previous Prophets. The central message is the recognition of God as the ultimate authority, yet people indulge in polytheism despite being subjects and slaves of the true Deity. The polytheism practised is deemed a grave offence, and angels are apprehensive of imminent divine wrath. The Surah clarifies that Prophet Muhammad ﷺ doesn't claim mastery over people's destinies; God holds that power. The Prophet's ﷺ role is to guide the heedless back to the Right Path. God alone is responsible for judging and punishing those who oppose the Prophet ﷺ. The Prophet's intention is not condemnation but a genuine concern for their well-being. An explanation is provided for the diversity in human perspectives. God granted free will, allowing individuals to consciously choose Him as their Guardian. Only God holds true sovereignty, and the success of individuals hinges on choosing God as their Guide. The Surah delineates the true religion as recognizing God's sovereignty, consistent across all Prophets. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ aims to restore the original divine truth that corruption has diluted into various man-made religions. The Surah emphasises that the Prophet ﷺ will not compromise with ignorance and superstitions, adhering resolutely to his mission. It sternly warns against adopting man-made religions over God's divine laws, considering it severe polytheism and a grave crime. The Surah concludes by highlighting the clear guidance provided through God's Book and the exemplary lives of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and his Companions. Despite this, if people persist in error, they will face the consequences destined for wrongdoers. Two critical points are underscored in the conclusion: the sudden appearance of the Prophet ﷺ with the concept of the "Book" proves his prophethood, and the Prophet ﷺ receives God's guidance through revelation, from behind a veil, or via an angel – refuting any claim of direct communication with God.
