Surah
Juz
Based on what this chapter talks about, it seems it was revealed during the same time in Makkah when the chapter "The Scattering Winds" was revealed. Reading it, you can sense that people were objecting and accusing the Prophet ﷺ, but there's no proof that Muslims were being severely persecuted at that time.
The first part of this chapter talks about life after death. It doesn't repeat what was already said in a previous chapter (51: Surah adh-Dhāriyāt) about why it's important or how it will happen. Instead, it strongly affirms that the afterlife will happen, backed up by oaths sworn on certain truths and signs that point to it. It also explains what will happen to those who deny it, and how those who believe in it and live righteously will be blessed by God. The second part criticises the leaders of the Quraysh tribe for how they treated the Prophet ﷺ. They insulted him, calling him names like sorcerer, madman, or poet, to turn people against him and his message. They saw him as a problem and wished for his downfall. They accused him of making up the Qur'an and pretending it was from God, which was a serious accusation. They mocked his invitation and message, and avoided him as if he was asking for a reward. They even plotted to stop him, unaware of their ignorance and Muhammad's ﷺ sincere efforts to guide them. Despite all this, God asks them questions to challenge their wrong beliefs and behaviours. The Prophetﷺ is told to keep spreading his message despite the opposition and endure patiently until God's judgement. He's reassured that God is watching over him and encouraged to seek strength through praising and glorifying God, helping him continue his mission under tough circumstances.
