Surah
Juz
The content of this Surah suggests that it was revealed in Makkah during a time of intense persecution against the Muslims. The disbelievers of Makkah were using tyranny and coercion to try to dissuade new converts from Islam.
The theme of this Surah is to warn the disbelievers of the consequences of their persecution and tyranny against the new converts to Islam, while also providing comfort to the believers. It begins with the story of the people of the ditch, who burned believers alive in fiery pits. From this story, lessons are drawn: firstly, that just as those who committed such atrocities were cursed and punished by God, the chiefs of Makkah who perpetrate similar actions will face the same fate. Secondly, it emphasises the importance of believers standing firm in their faith, even in the face of persecution. Lastly, it asserts the ultimate authority of God, who observes all actions and will deliver appropriate justice. The Surah warns that the disbelievers will face punishment in Hell for their disbelief, and additionally, they will suffer punishment by fire for their cruelty and tyranny. Conversely, those who believe and act righteously will be rewarded with Paradise, which is the ultimate success. The disbelievers are reminded of the power of God, which has brought down stronger nations in the past, and they are cautioned against their arrogance. The permanence and divine nature of the Quran are also emphasised, indicating that its truth cannot be altered or denied.
