Surah
Juz
The revelation of this Surah, whether in Makkah or Madinah, is a matter of dispute among scholars. Ibn Zubair and Ata bin Yasar argue that it is a Madinan revelation, while Ibn Abbas and Qatadah reportedly hold differing views, suggesting it could be either Makkan or Madinan. Aisha, however, believes it to be a Makkan Surah. Regarding its content, there is no clear indication whether it was revealed in Makkah or Madinah.
The placement of this Surah after Surah 96, Al-'Alaq, which contains the first revelation, and Surah 97, Al-Qadr, which indicates when it was revealed, holds significant meaning. Surah 96 marks the beginning of revelation, while Surah 97 specifies the timing of its descent. In Surah 98, the necessity of sending a Messenger ﷺ alongside the Holy Book is explained. Firstly, it emphasises the need for a Messenger ﷺ whose appearance would serve as a clear proof of his apostleship, presenting the Book of God in its original, unadulterated form, free from falsehood and corruption. Next, it addresses the errors of those who strayed from the true creed despite receiving clear guidance. It asserts that such deviation is the result of their own choices, increasing their responsibility for their actions. The Surah also highlights that the true religion, as taught by the Prophets ﷺ and revealed in the Books of God, emphasises sincere service to Him alone, without mixing worship or obedience to others. It calls for the establishment of prayer and the fulfilment of financial obligations. In conclusion, it unequivocally states that those who reject the Messenger ﷺ and deviate from the true faith are among the worst of creatures, deserving eternal punishment. Conversely, those who believe, act righteously, and live in awe of God are considered the best of creatures, destined for eternal Paradise, where they will reside in eternal bliss, pleasing to God and pleased with Him.
