The Qur'an provides a detailed account of the flood sent by Allah to punish the people who denied Prophet Noah (Nuh), peace be upon him. The flood serves as a divine retribution for their disbelief and corruption. Allah, Most High, mentions this event in the Qur'an:

The Qur'anic account of the flood is consistent with modern archaeological discoveries. The findings in the region between the Tigris and Euphrates, where a great flood once occurred, provide evidence of the flood's existence as described in the Qur'an. These discoveries confirm the scientific inimitability of the Qur'an, demonstrating its accuracy long before modern science confirmed the details. The flood, as a punishment for the disbelievers and wrongdoers, serves as a reminder of the consequences of rejecting divine guidance. The Qur'anic account of the flood also emphasizes the importance of faith and obedience to Allah, highlighting the safety and salvation of Noah and the believers who followed him.

The Qur'anic description of Noah's Ark and the flood is found in several verses. For instance, Allah says:

These verses describe the great flood, the Ark, and the few believers who joined Noah (Nuh) in the Ark, while the rest of the people were destroyed. The flood was a major event that shaped the history of humanity.

The Qur'anic narrative of the flood aligns with scientific and archaeological findings. For example, the Mount Judiyy mentioned in the Qur'an is believed to refer to the peak of the Ararat Mountains in eastern Turkey, which is traditionally associated with the final resting place of Noah's Ark. In 1920, a scientific mission led by Sir Leonard Wally, along with the British Museum and the American University of Pennsylvania, conducted excavations in Tal Abid, in northern Iraq. This mission uncovered deep layers of alluvial mud, which contained buried earthen vessels and statues, as well as mud imprints from reeds. These findings point to a large flood that may have occurred in the region, with water levels reaching at least 25 feet. This discovery is consistent with the Qur'anic description of a great flood, which overwhelmed the population in the area between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Wally's findings suggest that the flood did not cover the entire world but was rather a regional event. It affected the region between the mountains to the east and the desert areas to the west—where the population of that time lived. This corresponds to the Qur'anic depiction, which indicates that the flood was a punishment for Noah's people specifically, rather than a global event.

The Qur'an explicitly states that the flood affected only the people of Noah: Surah Al-Mu’minun 23:23-30 and Surah Hud 11:41-49 describe the flood, the Ark, and the events surrounding it. The Qur'an does not suggest that the flood covered the entire Earth, but rather the region inhabited by Noah's people. This was the area in which they lived, and it was only they who faced the consequences of their wrongdoing. The notion of a global flood, as mentioned in some other ancient traditions, is different from the Qur'anic account, which specifically refers to the drowning of the people of Noah in their region. The findings of the archaeological mission and the Qur'anic account complement each other and suggest that the flood was a localized event, destroying only the people who had rejected Noah's message.