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1400 years ago, the concept of evolution, as we understand it today, was unknown. However, the Quran alludes to a process of creation and transformation that aligns closely with modern scientific discoveries about evolution, suggesting a higher understanding of natural processes.
The Quran does not specify the exact creation date of Adam and Eve but presents a view that is distinct from traditional biblical narratives. It suggests that Adam and Eve were created in Paradise, and when they disobeyed God, they were sent down to Earth. Interestingly, the Quran also notes that there were beings already on Earth who were causing mischief and shedding blood.
˹Remember˺ when your Lord said to the angels, “I am going to place a successive ˹human˺ authority on earth.” They asked ˹Allah˺, “Will You place in it someone who will spread corruption there and shed blood while we glorify Your praises and proclaim Your holiness?” Allah responded, “I know what you do not know.”2:30
This verse implies that humans were not the first to inhabit Earth, suggesting that other creatures were already present.
The Quran indicates that humans were created from semen and could evolve through different forms. Quran 56:58-62 speaks of God’s ability to transform human forms in ways beyond human understanding, which closely parallels the concept of biological evolution — the transformation of life forms over time.
Have you considered what you ejaculate?56:58
Is it you who create ˹a child out of˺ it, or is it We Who do so?56:59
We have ordained death for ˹all of˺ you, and We cannot be prevented56:60
from transforming and recreating you in forms unknown to you.56:61
You already know how you were first created. Will you not then be mindful?56:62
This passage refers to God's power to change human form, which can be interpreted as referring to the evolutionary process — a gradual transformation from one form to another.
The Quran emphasizes the importance of water in the origin of life, suggesting that all living creatures came from water, and the gradual evolution of species is acknowledged. The Quran notes different types of creatures: those that crawl on their bellies, walk on two legs, and walk on four.
And Allah has created from water every living creature. Some of them crawl on their bellies, some walk on two legs, and some walk on four. Allah creates whatever He wills. Surely Allah is Most Capable of everything.24:45
This is a remarkably accurate description of evolutionary stages. Modern science suggests that early creatures began life in water, some developed to crawl on their bellies, and over time, evolved to walk on four legs, with some species eventually walking on two. This is consistent with findings in evolutionary biology, where early fish-like ancestors of land animals were capable of walking on two legs even before evolving the ability to walk on four. Ancient Fish With Legs: A key fossil discovery, Tiktaalik roseae, suggests that some ancient fish were capable of walking on two legs even before moving onto land. This discovery challenges previous theories and supports the Quran's description of the evolutionary process, where creatures progressed from water to land. Huff Post, "Ancient Fish With Legs, Tiktaalik Roseae, May Be Missing Evolutionary Link", 2017
The Quran also asserts that God has the ability to transform human life forms entirely, even suggesting that future generations could become nonhuman if He wished.
Your Lord is the Self-Sufficient, Full of Mercy. If He wills, He can do away with you and replace you with whoever He wills, just as He produced you from the offspring of other people.6:133
The word "whatever" (Arabic: ma) used in this verse emphasizes the flexibility of God's creation, indicating that humans could have been replaced with any form He desires — a concept that aligns with evolutionary theory, where life evolves through different stages and forms.
The Quran, long before the advent of modern scientific understanding, contains references to the processes of creation and evolution that resonate with current theories in biology. From the creation of life from water to the gradual transformation of species, the Quran aligns with evolutionary principles that were only discovered centuries later. This raises the question: how could an unlettered man, living 1400 years ago, have known such intricate details about the natural world? This suggests a divine source of knowledge beyond human understanding at the time. The Quran's references to the evolution of life, the transformation of forms, and the origin of humans show a deeper understanding of natural processes, making it consistent with modern scientific discoveries about the origins and development of life on Earth.