In proving the prophecy of the Prophet ﷺ and his role as a Divine Messenger, notice the detailed mention of Haman in the history of Bani Israel. The Prophet ﷺ revealed information that had previously been known only in the classified texts of scripture. At that time, knowledge of religious texts and access to them were restricted to a select few. The general population, including ancient Christians, was not well-versed in the Bible. Biblical studies were limited to scholars, and questions about religion were typically answered by priests and rabbis, with little opportunity for independent study. When the Prophet ﷺ began speaking of matters that only a few learned scholars were familiar with, it became clear that this knowledge could not have originated from him alone. One such example is the mention of Haman, who is described in the Quran as a minister of Pharaoh. He is mentioned six times in the Quran, including the account where Pharaoh commands Haman to build a tower. Interestingly, Haman is also mentioned in the Bible and the Torah—but in a different context. In the Biblical book of Esther, Haman is described as an advisor to King Xerxes, who ruled Babylon about a thousand years after Pharaoh's era. Early Catholic scholars in the 1600s, as they began studying Islamic texts, pointed to this discrepancy and labeled it a historical error in the Quran. However, by the late 1800s, Catholic scholarship had largely dismissed the Book of Esther as a historical source. J. Hoschander (1918) and other scholars concluded that the Book of Esther was a fictional narrative. The Jewish Encyclopedia echoes this view, stating: “The vast majority of modern expositors have reached the conclusion that the book is a piece of pure fiction, although some writers qualify their criticism by an attempt to treat it as a historical romance.” The Quran itself declares that it reveals to Bani Israel matters about which they had been in disagreement. Maurice Bucaille, a historian and revert to Islam who authored The Bible, The Quran, and Science, explored such contradictions further. He noted that in the late 1800s, Egyptian hieroglyphics—a language that had been dead for nearly two thousand years—were being deciphered and revived by German and French scholars. These scholars translated ancient records, including documents that listed the names and roles of ministers. Bucaille’s research led him to discover that, under the reign of the Pharaoh at the time of Moses (AS), there was a minister named Haman, described as "Minister of the Stone Quarries." This name was found in hieroglyphic inscriptions, which could not have been known in the 7th century, when the Prophet ﷺ lived. The language of hieroglyphics had only been deciphered in the modern era, centuries after the revelation of the Quran. A statue of Haman was even constructed in Austria based on these discoveries. While it cannot be confirmed with certainty that this is the same Haman mentioned in the Quran, Allah SWT knows best. This discovery remains a profound reminder of Allah's infinite knowledge and serves as a compelling proof of the Quran’s historical accuracy and divine origin.