The concept of work in physics, which is the product of force and displacement, is a fundamental idea that was understood much later in history. However, some interpretations suggest that the Quran might reference this concept in a way that aligns with modern physics, despite the knowledge of such principles being developed long after the Quran was written.

In physics, work is defined as the force applied to an object times the displacement of that object in the direction of the force. Specifically, in the context of gravity, work (W) done by the gravitational force is: W=F×Δy=−mg×Δy Where: - F is the force due to gravity on the object (mass mmm multiplied by the acceleration due to gravity g). - Δy is the change in vertical displacement. - The negative sign indicates that gravity does work in the opposite direction of displacement when the object is moved upward.

The Quranic verses Quran 99:7-8 are often cited in this discussion as a reference to the concept of work. These verses state:

Here, the word "عمل" (Aamal) translates to "work", and "مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ" (mithqal dharrah) refers to the smallest possible amount, akin to the weight of an atom. The verse speaks of the consequences of both good and bad deeds, even those as small as the weight of an atom.

The link between work and weight is evident in the verse, which metaphorically associates work (deeds) with weight (measured in terms of atoms). In physics, work is done by applying a force (such as gravity) over a displacement, and this equation is tied to weight (force due to gravity). The verse's usage of "work" in connection to weight could be seen as an early reference to this concept, where the weight of an action determines its consequence, much like the weight of an object determines the amount of work done against gravity.

While the Quranic reference may not explicitly describe work in the scientific sense of physics, some interpretations argue that there is an analogy to the relationship between weight and work. These verses illustrate the idea that every action, even the smallest one, has a tangible effect, akin to how work in physics is determined by force (weight) and displacement. However, this interpretation is a modern application and may not have been understood in the same way by those living at the time the Quran was revealed. Whilst these verses might not necessarily reference the scientific findings mentioned here, they showcase how, even the most hard to imagine realities explained by the Quran, can be shown to be permissible with modern scientific discoveries.