Job was a Roman, he was the son of Moss, son of Razeh, son of Esau, son of Isaac who was the son of prophet Ibrahim - according to Ibn Ishaq - this is the strongest opinion. Some others say he was the son of Moss, son of Rawel, son of Esau, son of Isaac, son of Ibrahim. This view of Job being of the descendants of Ibrahim is mentioned by Allah in the Quran.

And We blessed him with Isaac and Jacob. We guided them all as We previously guided Noah and those among his descendants: David, Solomon, Job, Joseph, Moses, and Aaron. This is how We reward the good-doers.6:84

Job received revelation from Allah.

Indeed, We have sent revelation to you ˹O Prophet˺ as We sent revelation to Noah and the prophets after him. We also sent revelation to Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, and his descendants, ˹as well as˺ Jesus, Job, Jonah, Aaron, and Solomon. And to David We gave the Psalms.4:163

There are opinions that Job's wife was called Leah, daughter of prophet Jacob or his granddaughter or that his wife was Rahmah, the daughter of Ephraim.

It is believed that Job was a wealthy man with cattle, sheep, servants, vast lands and property. He also had many children. Job's test was having this all taken away from him and suffering a disease which affected his whole body - sparing only his tongue and heart. This disease lasted so long that his extended family and friends all deserted him.

He was further expelled from his homeland and left in a rubbish dump. But throughout all this, his wife stood by him. She helped him with daily tasks he could not do alone, she worked to earn money to feed them both. May Allah be pleased with her. She was patient in enduring the hardship they went through.

It is said in hadith that a man asked "O Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)! Which of the people is tried most severely?" He said: "The Prophets, then those nearest to them, then those nearest to them. A man is tried according to his religion; if he is firm in his religion, then his trials are more severe, and if he is frail in his religion, then he is tried according to the strength of his religion. The servant shall continue to be tried until he is left walking upon the earth without any sins." [Tirmidhi 2398, similar in Ibn Majah 4023]

There are differing opinions on how long he suffered; Wahb bin Munabbih said it lasted 3 years, Anas said around 7 years. Humaid said 18 years. Suddi describes that his flesh dropped from his body leaving only his bones and muscles.

When Job's wife tried to make a living for them, and people found out her husband was Job, they would not allow her to work for them out of fear they would be infected. When she realised she could not get work, she resorted to selling part of her hair which got her enough money to get food for her and her husband. Job did not approve, asking where she got the money for this. She answered ambiguously. The next day, she again could find no work, so sold the remainder of her hair. When she came home and gave food to her husband he said he would not eat it until he knew how she got the money. She undid her headscarf, showing him she had no hair remaining. She had become so desperate, in supporting her husband she was willing to sacrifice her own hair. Job responded making a dua we see in the below verse (21:83).

And ˹remember˺ when Job cried out to his Lord, “I have been touched with adversity, and You are the Most Merciful of the merciful.”21:83

So We answered his prayer and removed his adversity, and gave him back his family, twice as many, as a mercy from Us and a lesson for the ˹devoted˺ worshippers.21:84

Abdullah bin Ubaid bin Umair according to narrations said that Job had two brothers. One day they visited him and had to stand far away from him due to the smell of his illness. One said that if Allah saw any good in Job, he would not have afflicted him with this mighty test. Job became angry at his brothers and called out to Allah saying "I have never allowed myself to be full and satisfied with a good meal, knowing someone that night was hungry, is this true?" A voice from heaven called out confirming that Job was truthful, which his brothers also heard. He continued, "I have never kept two shirts knowing there was a place with people with no clothes, is this true?" The voice confirmed he was truthful. Job finished saying "Oh Allah, I seek help from Your Honour" and fell into prostration saying "Oh Allah, By Your Honour, I will never lift my head till you release me from my suffering" and he did not lift his head until he was cured.